Racism and Mental Health: The African American experience

Article Properties
  • Language
    English
  • DOI (url)
    10.1080/713667453
  • Publication Date
    2000/08/01
  • Journal
    Ethnicity & Health
  • Indian UGC (journal)
  • Refrences
    144
  • Citations
    523
  • David R. Williams a Department of Sociology, Institute for Social Research , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
  • Ruth Williams-Morris b Department of Psychology , University of St. Thomas , St. Paul , Minnesota , USA
Cite
R. Williams, David, and Ruth Williams-Morris. “Racism and Mental Health: The African American Experience”. Ethnicity &Amp; Health, vol. 5, no. 3-4, 2000, pp. 243-68, https://doi.org/10.1080/713667453.
R. Williams, D., & Williams-Morris, R. (2000). Racism and Mental Health: The African American experience. Ethnicity &Amp; Health, 5(3-4), 243-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/713667453
R. Williams, David, and Ruth Williams-Morris. “Racism and Mental Health: The African American Experience”. Ethnicity &Amp; Health 5, no. 3-4 (2000): 243-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/713667453.
R. Williams D, Williams-Morris R. Racism and Mental Health: The African American experience. Ethnicity & Health. 2000;5(3-4):243-68.
Journal Categories
Medicine
Internal medicine
Special situations and conditions
Industrial medicine
Industrial hygiene
Medicine
Medicine (General)
Social Sciences
Social Sciences
Sociology (General)
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Refrences
Title Journal Journal Categories Citations Publication Date
10.1093/oso/9780195127300.003.0004 1999
10.1093/oso/9780195127300.003.0004 1999
10.1093/oso/9780195127300.003.0004 1996
10.1093/oso/9780195127300.003.0004 1996
10.1093/oso/9780195127300.003.0004 1996
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Citations Analysis
Category Category Repetition
Social Sciences218
Medicine: Public aspects of medicine166
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry163
Medicine: Internal medicine: Special situations and conditions: Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene155
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology138
Medicine: Medicine (General)95
Social Sciences: Sociology (General)63
Social Sciences: Social sciences (General)34
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry: Therapeutics. Psychotherapy32
Social Sciences: Industries. Land use. Labor24
Social Sciences: The family. Marriage. Woman21
Medicine: Nursing20
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry19
Medicine: Internal medicine: Special situations and conditions: Geriatrics16
Medicine: Medicine (General): Medical technology15
Medicine12
Social Sciences: The family. Marriage. Woman: Women. Feminism11
Medicine: Internal medicine10
Education: Theory and practice of education10
Social Sciences: Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform9
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation: Environmental sciences8
Science: Science (General)7
Social Sciences: Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology7
Social Sciences: Economic theory. Demography6
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation: Anthropology6
Science6
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system6
Technology: Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering6
Science: Biology (General): Ecology6
Education6
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion6
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Religions. Mythology. Rationalism6
Social Sciences: Commerce: Business4
Social Sciences: Commerce: Business: Personnel management. Employment management4
Social Sciences: Economic theory. Demography: Economics as a science4
Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics: Communication. Mass media3
Medicine: Gynecology and obstetrics3
Medicine: Internal medicine: Special situations and conditions: Sports medicine3
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation: Recreation. Leisure: Sports3
Education: Education (General)3
Law3
Medicine: Pediatrics3
Medicine: Surgery: Orthopedic surgery2
Medicine: Internal medicine: Infectious and parasitic diseases2
Medicine: Medicine (General): Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics2
Social Sciences: Industries. Land use. Labor: Management. Industrial management2
Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system2
Social Sciences: Communities. Classes. Races: Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology: City planning2
Science: Biology (General): Reproduction1
Science: Biology (General)1
Science: Human anatomy1
Science: Physiology1
Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry: Biochemistry1
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens1
Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology1
Social Sciences: Transportation and communications1
Language and Literature: Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania: African languages and literature1
Language and Literature: Literature (General)1
Science: Mathematics: Instruments and machines: Electronic computers. Computer science1
Technology: Mechanical engineering and machinery1
Technology: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering: Electronics1
Technology: Home economics: Nutrition. Foods and food supply1
Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General): Environmental engineering1
Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)1
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Ethics1
Political science: Political institutions and public administration (General)1
Political science1
Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the respiratory system1
Bibliography. Library science. Information resources1
Language and Literature1
Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology1
The category Social Sciences 218 is the most commonly referenced area in studies that cite this article. The first research to cite this article was titled Racial Discrimination as a Moderator of the Links Among Stress, Maternal Psychological Functioning, and Family Relationships and was published in 2001. The most recent citation comes from a 2024 study titled Black mothers' ethnic–racial socialization one year after highly publicized anti‐Black murders during the pandemic. This article reached its peak citation in 2022, with 43 citations. It has been cited in 309 different journals, 8% of which are open access. Among related journals, the American Journal of Public Health cited this research the most, with 21 citations. The chart below illustrates the annual citation trends for this article.
Citations used this article by year