Exploring the complex genetic basis of quantitative traits: This review delves into the genetic architecture underlying quantitative traits, highlighting the roles of multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL). Phenotypic variation arises from allele segregation at these QTL, with environmental factors influencing their effects. A primary challenge lies in mapping molecular polymorphisms linked to complex traits. Determining gene frequencies, homozygous, heterozygous, and epistatic effects across diverse environments is paramount. High-resolution recombination and linkage disequilibrium mapping helps pinpoint candidate genes. Genetic and functional complementation and gene expression analyses further refine these identifications. Advances in genome sequencing and polymorphism detection are expected to accelerate quantitative trait dissection in model organisms. This offers new paths for exploring homologous QTL in related taxa, ultimately advancing our understanding of complex traits.
Published in the Annual Review of Genetics, this article fits well within the journal's scope. It presents a comprehensive overview of the challenges and advancements in understanding the genetic basis of quantitative traits. The article aligns with the journal's focus on genetics and genomics, providing a valuable synthesis of knowledge in the field.
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