Retrotransposons: How have they shaped plant genomes? This review delves into the fascinating world of plant retrotransposons, mobile genetic elements that use reverse transcription to copy themselves. These elements, which are similar in function and structure to retroviruses found in other eukaryotic organisms, constitute a considerable portion of plant nuclear DNA. The review explores the expression of retrotransposons, genomic organization, regulation, and evolution. It emphasizes the differences between plant retrotransposons and those found in other eukaryotes, such as their high copy numbers and diverse populations. The study highlights recent advances in understanding how the expression and transposition of retrotransposons are regulated. Plant retrotransposons can contribute to plant genome evolution, and they also serve as genetic tools in plant biology. As a result of the ability of retrotransposons to increase in copy number over relatively short periods, this paper highlights their role in the dynamic restructuring of plant genomes. These mobile elements are discussed in the context of their regulation, expression, and function, contributing to a broader understanding of plant genetics and evolution.
Published in the Annual Review of Genetics, this paper aligns perfectly with the journal's focus on genetics and genomics. By exploring the structure, function, and evolutionary significance of retrotransposons in plants, it offers insights into the fundamental processes that shape plant genomes, contributing to the journal's exploration of genetic mechanisms.
| Category | Category Repetition |
|---|---|
| Science: Biology (General): Genetics | 342 |
| Agriculture: Plant culture | 289 |
| Science: Botany: Plant ecology | 277 |
| Agriculture: Animal culture | 234 |
| Science: Biology (General) | 233 |