How do cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) orchestrate extracellular ligand interactions? This review synthesizes current understanding of HSPG function in modulating extracellular ligand activity, emphasizing their role in receptor-signaling complex formation and ligand turnover regulation. This study discusses both transmembrane syndecans and glycosylphosphoinositide-linked glypicans and their binding to diverse ligands. The researchers shed extracellular domains, producing soluble HSPGs that can inhibit surface interactions. Genetic analyses in model organisms confirm these activities in vivo and reveal novel functions. This comprehensive overview illuminates the diverse mechanisms and cellular functions regulated by cell surface HSPGs.
Published in Annual Review of Biochemistry, this article aligns perfectly with the journal's mission to provide comprehensive and critical reviews of key biochemical topics. By synthesizing the current knowledge on heparan sulfate proteoglycans, the review provides a valuable resource for researchers in cell biology, biochemistry, and related fields.
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