How Big Is “Big”? Interpreting Effect Sizes in L2 Research

Article Properties

Language

English
DOI (url)

10.1111/lang.12079
Publication Date

2014/10/15
Journal

Language Learning
Indian UGC (journal)
Refrences

122
Citations

918
Luke Plonsky Northern Arizona University
Frederick L. Oswald Rice University

Abstract

Cite

Plonsky, Luke, and Frederick L. Oswald. “How Big Is ‘Big’? Interpreting Effect Sizes in L2 Research”. Language Learning, vol. 64, no. 4, 2014, pp. 878-12, https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12079.

Plonsky, L., & Oswald, F. L. (2014). How Big Is “Big”? Interpreting Effect Sizes in L2 Research. Language Learning, 64(4), 878-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12079

Plonsky, Luke, and Frederick L. Oswald. “How Big Is ‘Big’? Interpreting Effect Sizes in L2 Research”. Language Learning 64, no. 4 (2014): 878-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12079.

Plonsky L, Oswald FL. How Big Is “Big”? Interpreting Effect Sizes in L2 Research. Language Learning. 2014;64(4):878-912.

Journal Categories

Education

Theory and practice of education

Language and Literature

Philology

Linguistics

Social Sciences

Refrences

Title	Journal	Journal Categories	Publication Date
Reporting standards for research in psychology: Why do we need them? What might they be	American Psychologist	Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry	2008
The earth is round (p < .05)	American Psychologist	Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry	1994
Less is less: A systematic review of graph use in meta‐analysis	Research Synthesis Methods	Medicine: Medicine (General): Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics Science: Biology (General) Science: Science (General) Science: Mathematics: Instruments and machines: Electronic computers. Computer science	2012
A meta‐analysis of second language cloze testing research			2008
Extensive reading in English as foreign language by adolescents and young adults: A meta‐analysis			2007

Citations

Title	Journal	Journal Categories	Citations	Publication Date
Is nonverbal behavior during conversation related to perceived fluency?	TESOL Journal	Education: Theory and practice of education		2024
Hybridizing Psychological Theories: Weighing the Ends Against the Means	Educational Psychology Review	Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry	1	2024
Why do Moroccan English Foreign Language learners experience more Peace of Mind (外语平和心态) than Chinese EFL learners and how does it affect their performance?	International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology			2024
Positive emotions, self-regulatory capacity, and EFL performance in the Chinese senior high school context	Acta Psychologica	Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry	4	2024
The associations among growth mindsets, the ideal L2 writing self, and L2 writing enjoyment and their impacts on L2 English writing performance: A gender difference perspective	Assessing Writing	Education: Theory and practice of education Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics Education Social Sciences		2024

Citations Analysis

Category	Category Repetition
Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics	715
Social Sciences	668
Education: Theory and practice of education	489
Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics: Communication. Mass media	243
Education	217
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology	86
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry	65
Language and Literature	15
Social Sciences: Sociology (General)	12
Education: Special aspects of education	11
Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics: Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar: Language acquisition	5
Technology: Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering	4
Science: Biology (General): Ecology	4
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation: Environmental sciences	3
Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics: Communication. Mass media: Oral communication. Speech	3
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry	2
Technology: Mechanical engineering and machinery: Renewable energy sources	2
Medicine: Internal medicine: Special situations and conditions: Sports medicine	2
Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry: Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system: Psychiatry: Therapeutics. Psychotherapy	2
General Works: History of scholarship and learning. The humanities	2
Social Sciences: Social sciences (General)	2
Social Sciences: Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology	2
Science: Mathematics: Instruments and machines: Electronic computers. Computer science	2
Language and Literature: Literature (General): Drama	2
Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics: Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar	2
Education: Education (General)	1
Social Sciences: Commerce: Business: Industrial psychology	1
Law	1
Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General): Environmental engineering	1
Technology: Hydraulic engineering: River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General)	1
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology: Consciousness. Cognition	1
Social Sciences: Commerce: Business	1
Social Sciences: Economic theory. Demography: Economics as a science	1
Social Sciences: Commerce: Business: Personnel management. Employment management	1
Science: Mathematics: Instruments and machines: Electronic computers. Computer science: Computer software	1
Technology: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering: Electronics: Computer engineering. Computer hardware	1
Medicine: Internal medicine: Special situations and conditions: Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene	1
Medicine: Public aspects of medicine	1
Technology: Technology (General): Industrial engineering. Management engineering: Information technology	1
Medicine: Medicine (General)	1
Medicine: Medicine (General): Medical philosophy. Medical ethics	1
Medicine: Gynecology and obstetrics	1
Medicine	1
Language and Literature: English language	1

The category Language and Literature: Philology. Linguistics 715 is the most commonly referenced area in studies that cite this article. The first research to cite this article was titled Operationalizing multilingualism: language learning motivation in Turkey and was published in 2014. The most recent citation comes from a 2024 study titled The relationship between L2 grit and vocabulary knowledge in first-year Moroccan university students. This article reached its peak citation in 2023, with 192 citations. It has been cited in 174 different journals, 16% of which are open access. Among related journals, the System cited this research the most, with 80 citations. The chart below illustrates the annual citation trends for this article.