Is our drinking water truly safe? This paper addresses the persistent issue of *Cryptosporidium* oocysts in potable water supplies, a recurring concern for public health officials in the UK and the USA. It highlights the challenges associated with this troublesome parasite and its impact on water treatment processes. The review synthesizes the current body of knowledge surrounding *Cryptosporidium*, examining its characteristics, transmission, and the difficulties in its detection and removal from water sources. It critically evaluates existing water treatment options, assessing their effectiveness in mitigating the risk of waterborne cryptosporidiosis. This research underscores the continued need for vigilance and innovation in water treatment technologies to safeguard public health. Its emphasis on the latest knowledge and technological advancements offers vital insights for professionals responsible for ensuring the safety and quality of drinking water and stresses the importance of **health sciences** in the face of recurring **infectious diseases**.
Given Environmental Management and Health's broad scope encompassing various environmental hazards and their impact on public health, this paper fits well within the journal's purview. It addresses a specific waterborne pathogen and reviews strategies to improve water treatment, aligning with the journal's focus on environmental health solutions.